Teste de Inteligência Emocional

IQ → Success: The Gap
The article shows that IQ does not equal success but that emotional components that are not captured by the traditional IQ are very important for success.
History of EQ
The article shows how the notion of emotional intelligence and EQ development have recently become widely accepted.
Complete View of Human Psychology
The article shows how personality and IQ can not fully describe all dimensions of human psychology but that EQ can fill out the missing dimension.
Emotional Competences
The article shows the main components of emotional intelligence: Self Awareness, Self Management, Auto Motivation, Social Awareness and Relationship Management.
What is emotional intelligence?
The article gives a short but comprehensive summary of emotional intelligence.

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Verbo-Linguístico
Lógico-Matemático
Espácio-Visual
Musical
Corporal-Cinestésico
Interpessoal
Intrapessoal

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Emotional Intelligence (EI), often measured as an Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ), describes the ability to perceive, and manage the emotion of one's self, of others, and of groups.

Defining Emotional Intelligence

There are a lot of arguments about the definition of EI. Up to the present day, there are three main models of EI:

Ability Based EI Models
Mixed Models of EI
Trait EI Models

The Ability Based Model

Salovey and Mayer's conception of EI strives to define EI within the confines of the standard criteria for a new intelligence. Following their continuing research, their initial definition of EI was revised to: "The ability to perceive emotion, integrate emotion to facilitate thought, understand emotions, and to regulate emotions to promote personal growth".

The ability based model views emotions as useful sources of information that help one to make sense of and navigate the social environment. The model explains that individuals vary in their ability to process information of an emotional nature and in their ability to relate emotional processing to a wider cognition. This ability is seen to manifest itself in certain adaptive behaviors.

The model proposes that EI includes 4 types of abilities:

Perceiving Emotions: the ability to detect and decipher emotions in faces, pictures, voices, and cultural artifacts- including the ability to identify one’s own emotions. Perceiving emotions represents a basic aspect of emotional intelligence, as it makes all other processing of emotional information possible.
Using Emotions: the ability to harness emotions to facilitate various cognitive activities, such as thinking and problem solving. The emotionally intelligent person can capitalize fully upon his or her changing moods in order to best fit the task at hand.
Understanding Emotions: the ability to comprehend emotion language and to appreciate complicated relationships among emotions. For example, understanding emotions encompasses the ability to be sensitive to slight variations between emotions, and the ability to recognize and describe how emotions evolve over time.
Managing Emotions: the ability to regulate emotions in both ourselves and in others. Therefore, the emotionally intelligent person can harness emotions, even negative ones, and manage them to achieve intended goals.

Mixed Models of EI

Emotional Competencies Model

The EI model introduced by Daniel Goleman focuses on EI as a wide array of competencies and skills that drive managerial performance, measured by multi-rater assessment and self-assessment (Bradberry and Greaves, 2005). In "Working with Emotional Intelligence" (1998), Goleman explored the function of EI on the job, and claimed EI to be the strongest predictor of success in the workplace, with more recent confirmation of these findings on a worldwide sample seen in Bradberry and Greaves, "The Emotional Intelligence Quick Book" (2005).

Goleman's model outlines four main EI constructs:

Self Awareness: The ability to read one's emotions and recognize their impact while using gut feelings to guide decisions.
Self Management: Involves controlling one's emotions and impulses and adapting to changing circumstances.
Social Awareness: The ability to sense, understand, and react to other's emotions while comprehending social networks.
Relationship Management: the ability to inspire, influence, and develop others while managing conflicts.

Goleman includes a set of emotional competencies within each construct of EI. Emotional competencies are not innate talents, but rather learned capabilities that must be worked on and developed to achieve outstanding performance. Goleman posits that individuals are born with a general emotional intelligence that determines their potential for learning emotional competencies.

Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social Intelligence

Psychologist Reuven Bar-On (2006) developed one of the first measures of EI that used the term "Emotion Quotient". He defines emotional intelligence as being concerned with effectively understanding oneself and others, relating well to people, and adapting to and coping with the immediate surroundings to be more successful in dealing with environmental demands. Bar-On posits that EI develops over time and that it can be improved through training, programming, and therapy.

Bar-On hypothesizes that those individuals with higher than average EQ are in general more successful in meeting environmental demands and pressures. He also notes that a deficiency in EI can mean a lack of success and the existence of emotional problems. Problems in coping with one’s environment are thought, by Bar-On, to be especially common among those individuals lacking in the sub-scales of reality testing, problem solving, stress tolerance, and impulse control. In general, Bar-On considers emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence to contribute equally to a person’s general intelligence, which then offers an indication of one’s potential to succeed in life.

Trait EI Model

Petrides proposed a conceptual distinction between the ability based model and a trait based model of EI. Trait EI refers to "a constellation of behavioral dispositions and self-perceptions concerning one’s ability to recognize, process, and utilize emotion-laden information". This definition of EI encompasses behavioral dispositions and self perceived abilities and is measured by self report, as opposed to the ability based model which refers to actual abilities as they express themselves in performance based measures. Trait EI should be investigated within a personality framework.

The trait EI model is general and subsumes the Goleman and Bar-On models discussed above. Petrides is a major critic of the ability-based model and the MSCEIT arguing that they are based on "psychometrically meaningless" scoring procedures.

The conceptualization of EI as a personality trait leads to a construct that lies outside the taxonomy of human cognitive ability. This is an important distinction in as much as it bears directly on the operationalization of the construct and the theories and hypotheses that are formulated about it.